SN004
Top Sellers: Characteristics of a Superior Salesperson1
Amanda Ruth and Allen Wysocki2
1. This document is SN004, one of a series of the Food and Resource Economics Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and
Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date March 2002. Reviewed October 2008. Visit the EDIS Web Site at
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.
2. Amanda Ruth, graduate student in the Agricultural Education and Communications masters program, and Allen Wysocki, assistant professor, Department
of Food and Resource Economics, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville,
FL.
The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and
other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex,
sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service,
University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A. & M. University Cooperative Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Larry
Arrington, Dean
Introduction
A "plaid suit and hard sell tactics" do not define
superior selling. There are many determinants
impacting sales performance that distinguish superior
salespeople from inferior salespeople (Sardar and
Patton, 2002). As a salesperson, you have hundreds
of competitors, and customers will choose you on the
basis of how well you present your product to them.
This document will focus on the benefits of
being a top seller, the attributes of a top seller, the
difference between tellers and sellers, and how to
define a top seller. Also, this document will provide a
better understanding of what really makes a great
salesperson and the tools to help you obtain the
characteristics needed to be a top seller.
The Benefits of Being a Top Seller
A top salesperson clearly has the competitive
edge over other salespeople; they have the
characteristics needed to sell their products and create
important relationships. Twenty percent of all
salespeople make eighty percent of all sales, which
means eighty percent of a sales force fights over the
remaining 20 percent of business (Greenberg &
Greenberg, 1983). This statistic reinforces how
important it is to be in the top twenty percent of
sellers. These top salespeople possess personalities
and abilities that best fit selling as an occupation. In
addition, 55 percent of salespeople have no ability to
sell, and 25 percent have sales ability but are selling
the wrong product or service (Greenberg and
Greenberg, 1983).
Improving a salesperson's performance will
increase both the organization's profitability and the
salesperson's income. When using personality
profiling techniques, a peak performer will be
recruited over mediocre and poor performers and will
move up the promotional ladder quicker (Sardar and
Patton, 2002). The benefits of being a top seller are
excellent incentives to learning the attributes of a
successful salesperson. The good news is that top
sellers are not born; anyone can become a top seller
by studying, practicing, concentrating, and focusing
on his own performance (Basis International, 2002).
The Attributes of a Top Seller
Successful salespeople possess common
attributes. This paper presents three sets of attributes
that researchers have identified for top sellers.
Top Sellers: Characteristics of a Superior Salesperson 2
Common Attributes: Set 1
The first set of common attributes comes from a
recent study by the Harvard Business School. The
study found that highly successful salespeople do not
take “no” personally; take 100 percent
responsibility for results; possess empathy; have
above average ambition, empathy, and willpower and
determination; are intensely goal-oriented; and can
easily approach strangers (BASIS International,
2002). In addition, the study found that knowing how
to sell effectively is not always second nature; these
attributes can be learned and incorporated into a
personal development plan for reaching top seller
status.
Authors Patton and Sardar (2002) define five
related qualities that they feel describe a successful
salesperson: high energy level, self-confidence,
hunger for money, well-established habits of
industry, and the ability to see obstacles as
challenges. They believe that top sellers possess a
compulsive need to win and hold the affection of
others (Sardar and Patton, 2002).
Common Attributes: Set 2
The second set of common attributes were
identified by Drs. Jeanne and Herbert Greenberg.
They suggest that a salesperson needs three basic
traits to be successful: empathy, ego drive, and ego
strength (Greenberg and Greenberg, 1983).
Empathy is defined as the ability of the
salesperson to relate to customers effectively. An
example of empathy is where a salesperson making a
lot of money is selling insurance to less fortunate
individuals. If the salesperson understands that the
customer can only afford the bare necessities, he is
more likely to make the sale by not pressuring the
customer into buying something the customer cannot
afford. In other words, being able to understand the
customer's financial situation. Empathy is the
guidance mechanism that allows the salesperson to
follow the prospect through evasions and objections
until the prospect's real needs are targeted and the
sale is closed (Greenberg and Greenberg, 1983).
Ego drive is defined as gaining personal
gratification by persuading another individual to do
what you want him to do. The Greenbergs believe
that the ego-driven individual is only satisfied when
victory (the sale) is achieved. An example of
ego-drive is where a salesperson is on the road
visiting prospective customers, but he keeps getting
rejected. In other words, the ego-driven individual
will not be happy until he has made the sale. Ego
drive is the motive force launching the salesperson
toward the potential customer (Greenberg and
Greenberg, 1983).
Ego strength is defined as the resilience to move
onto the next sales situation after being rejected. An
example of ego strength is where a salesperson
pursues the customer until the sale is finished. In
other words, "never give up.” Ego strength is having
the stamina to follow the prospect through evasions
and objections until the sale is closed (Greenberg and
Greenberg, 1983).
While deficiencies in empathy, ego-drive, and
ego-strength can guarantee sales failure, possessing
them does not automatically guarantee sales success
(Greenberg and Greenberg, 1983). In addition,
having the ability to deal with complex ideas and
concepts, make quick analyses and judgments,
negotiate systematically and persistently, and
manage/organize time are also traits that can improve
sales performance.
Common Attributes: Set 3
The third set of common attributes that a top
salesperson may possess are listed in the article, What
Makes a Great Salesperson? Links Between Our
Heritage and the Future, by Sardar and Patton (2002).
These include the following:
• job commitment
• strategic orientation
• intellect
• mental alertness
• sociability
• authoritative
Top Sellers: Characteristics of a Superior Salesperson 3
• dependability
• persistence
• courage
• ability to improvise
• inquisitiveness
• forcefulness
• tenacity
• straightforwardness
Combining some of these qualities with those
that you already possess may be the perfect fit for you
in your sales situation. However, having these
qualities do not automatically guarantee success.
The Difference between Tellers and
Sellers
Are you a teller or a seller? What is the
difference between a teller and a seller? A good
source for determining the difference is The Top Ten
Ways to Know You are a Teller or a Seller by Terri
Levine (2000). Terry Levine, a business coach for
sales and marketing professionals, has been the
number one salesperson in two different national
organizations and bases his teller or seller list on
personal experiences. Although many people in sales
title themselves “sellers”, in reality they are just
“tellers”. To be a top performer in the sales
industry, you need to be an effective seller not an
effective teller. Figure 1 distinguishes tellers from
sellers (Levine, 2000). Which one are you?
Figure 1. How to distinguish tellers from sellers.
How to Define a Top Seller
In a recent survey conducted by a management
company, 365 CEOs were asked what they thought
were the key factors that separate high performing
sales professionals from low-performing sales
professionals (Gitomer, 2000). Their top answers
were self-discipline, motivation, product knowledge,
customer knowledge, and innate talent and
personality. When an analysis of this survey was
conducted, it was discovered that these executives are
not the ones who actually go out and make the sales.
The characteristics they indicated do not separate
superior performers from inferior performers. The
study then identified and concluded that the following
characteristics, if mastered by a salesperson, will
make him rise above the rest. How do you measure up
to these qualities?
• Unyielding belief in the company, the product
and yourself
• Creativity to differentiate yourself from the
competition
• Sense of humor that builds deep rapport
• Ability to promote yourself
• Ability to maintain price integrity
• Unyielding personal values and ethics
• Reliability and dependability
• Passion and desire to excel and be the best
• Exciting presentation skills
• Ability to generate profit and loyal customers
• Selling for the love of helping others get what
they want rather than for the love of money
• Perpetual positive attitude and enthusiasm
Top Sellers: Characteristics of a Superior Salesperson 4
Conclusion
Now that you know the benefits of being a top
seller, the attributes of a top seller, the difference
between a teller and a seller, and how to define a top
seller, hopefully you will be on your way to being the
best of the best in sales. Sales is a strenuous,
challenging, and demanding occupation, and being a
top salesperson is not easy. Having an idea of the
attributes needed to be a top salesperson will help you
achieve top seller status. So get rid of the plaid suit
and start selling!
References
BASIS International. What makes a successful
seller? How to make the Big Bucks Selling BASIS
International. Retrieved February 6, 2002 from the
Internet.
http://www.basis.com/sales/selling/sellingbasis.pdf
Gitomer, J. (2001). Specific characteristics are
what make top sales people tops. American City
Business Journals. Retrieved February 6, 2002 from
the Internet.
http://houston.bcentral.com/houston/stories/2001/07/
02/smallb2.html
Greenberg, H.M., & Greenberg, J. (1983). The
personality of a top salesperson. Nations Business.
Retrieved February 6, 2002 from the Internet.
http://www.calipercanada.com/personality.htm
Levine, T. (2000). The top 10 ways to know if
you are a teller or a seller. Coachville Coach Training
Resource Center. Retrieved from the Internet.
http://www.topten.org/public/AF/AF102.html
Sardar, A., & Patton, M.A. What makes a great
salesperson?: Links between our heritage and the
future. Retrieved February 7, 2002 from the Internet.
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following
"http://130.195.95.71:8081/www/ANZMAC1999/
Site/S/Sardar.pdf" at the "Address" line.